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# David Sumner History

A Second World War Historian & Podcaster from Berlin

## Sitemaps

- [XML Sitemap](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website.

## Posts

- [Bonus episode: The Gleiwitz Incident](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/bonus-episode-the-gleiwitz-incident/) - A special festive bonus episode of the Europe At War podcast looking at the 'Gleiwitz Inicident'! 🎙🎄 On the night of the 31st of August 1939, as Europe stood on the brink of war, Nazi Germany staged a series of false-flag attacks along the German-Polish border, carefully choreographed to provide a pretext for their invasion
- [Armistice Day: The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier - Paris/France](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/armistice-day-the-tomb-of-the-unknown-soldier-paris-france/) - In honour of Armistice Day here are some photos of France's "Tomb of the Unknown Soldier" - taken by my better half during a recent trip to Paris. The tomb holds an unidentified member of the French armed forces killed during the First World War, and this grave serves as a symbolic memorial to all
- [The Battle of Leipzig: The American & Soviet Occupations of Leipzig](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/the-battle-of-leipzig-the-american-soviet-occupations-of-leipzig/) - The final episode of the Battle of Leipzig series from the Europe at War podcast was released this morning! In this episode, I do a deep dive on Leipzig after the fighting, looking at the myriad of social and political challenges that plagued the city after the war. The story of post-war Leipzig is shaped by
- [The Battle of Leipzig: A high-stakes drama of the final German surrender in Leipzig](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/the-battle-of-leipzig-a-high-stakes-drama-of-the-final-german-surrender-in-leipzig/) - Between 18th - 20th of April, 1945, American forces laid siege to the mighty Völkerschlachtdenkmal ('Monument to the Battle of the Nations') in the south-east of Leipzig. This huge memorial had been turned into a literal fortress by the Leipzig Kampfkommandant Colonel von Poncet. Here, his force of 300 Wehrmacht, Volkssturm, and SS men, sheltered
- [The Battle of Leipzig: An American bluff & the surrender of the Leipzig Town Hall](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/the-battle-of-leipzig-an-american-bluff-the-surrender-of-the-leipzig-town-hall/) - On the morning of the 19th of April, 1945, Lt David Zweibel, commander of 'Task Force Zweibel' (1st photo) ordered his mixed infantry and tank force to bombard the Leipzig Neues Rathaus (town hall), in the hope of forcing the surrender of the hundreds of Volkssturm men holed-up inside. However, the Volkssturm, led by their
- [My first bespoke tour - Canadians in Berlin](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/my-first-bespoke-tour-canadians-in-berlin/) - Today, I had the pleasure of guiding a group of incredibly enthusiastic and extremely lovely Canadians around the city...and it was fantastic! I thoroughly enjoyed every minute of it, and it was a genuine thrill to share some stories of my new home with first-time visitors to the city. After a brief introductory call to
- [The Battle of Leipzig: A deadly Panzerfaust attack](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/the-battle-of-leipzig-a-deadly-panzerfaust-attack/) - During the Battle of Leipzig, the assault on the western districts of Leipzig was undertaken by the 23rd Infantry Regiment from the US 2nd Infantry division. The regiment launched their assault in the early hours of the 18th of April, and the Americans initially faced little resistance as they advanced...but as they approached the central
- [The Battle of Leipzig: The Last Man To Die](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/the-battle-of-leipzig-the-last-man-to-die/) - A timeless photo from celebrated war photographer Robert Capa. This photo portrays the moment when Private Raymond Bowman was killed during the Battle of Leipzig, on the 18th of April 1945. Capa was embedded with the 23rd Infantry Regiment during their assault on the Zeppelin Bridge in Leipzig, and he followed a machine gun platoon
- [Remnants of War: A Panther Tank in the Ardennes](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-a-panther-tank-in-the-ardennes/) - At the crossroads leading into the small Walloonian village of Celles, on the edge of the Ardennes, sits a German Panther tank that was knocked out during the battle. This tank represents the furthest extent of the German advance during the battle. So the story goes, on the night of the 23rd/24th December 1944, an
- [We Have Ways Fest 2025 - Snapshots from a Weekend with Al & James](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/we-have-ways-fest-2025-snapshots-from-a-weekend-with-al-james/)
- [Remnants of War: Ilfracombe/Devon](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-ilfracombe-devon/) - A slice of Jewish life from the Second World War in North Devon I visited the lovely fishing town of Ilfracombe the other day and stumbled across this hidden historical gem! During the Second World War, North Devon hosted thousands of Jewish refugees from Austria and Germany, many of whom joined the Pioneer Corps and
- [Walking the Ground: Ordensburg Vogelsang (former Third Reich military training area)](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-ordensburg-vogelsang-former-third-reich-military-training-area/) - Once a year, the family and I drive all the way from Berlin to the UK, but in order to break up the trip, we always look for something war-related to do... The Ordensburg Vogelsang is a former educational/military site located in the Eifel National Park, close to the border with Belgium. Construction was overseen
- [Walking the Ground - The Battle of Leipzig](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-the-battle-of-leipzig/) - A snapshot of my time walking the ground in Leipzig! Had a fantastic day in Leipzig today, researching and letting myself get all the inspiration I need for my next series! I won't spoil everything I saw, so here's just a taste 😎 The Battle of Leipzig, coming soon...
- [Remnants of War - Soviet and German Commemoration of the War Dead](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-soviet-and-german-commemoration-of-the-war-dead/) - Commemorating the dead of the Battle of Berlin (the Soviet way and the German way) Once the guns had fallen silent across Berlin, the grim task of burying the dead began. The battle had been bloody for the Red Army, but it had been successful. That’s all that mattered. In any case, the Soviets are
- [Traces of War - Groterjahn Brewery](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/traces-of-war-groterjahn-brewery/) - The Groterjan Brewery - My own local piece of battle of Berlin history This is the former Groterjan* Brewery on Prinzenallee in Gesundbrunnen, and here, on the evening of the 2nd of May, 1945, Wilhelm Mohnke’s breakout group was forced to surrender to some nearby Red Army units, after realising that they had no hope
- [Walking the Ground - Warsaw Uprising](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-warsaw-uprising/) - The Berlin IC visited Warsaw a few weeks ago, and amongst the gems of history we saw in the city, one of my favourite sites was the former Polish Bank on Bielańska Street. This was probably the best-preserved site showing just how destructive the fighting during the Warsaw Uprising was. Sure, my home city of
- [Remnants of War - Hitler's Wolf's Lair / Poland](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-hitlers-wolfs-lair-poland/) - 81 years ago today, on the 20th of July 1944, the briefing hut at the Wolf’s Lair was destroyed when explosives smuggled into the room by Claus Von Stauffenberg detonated during an afternoon conference meeting. Once the dust settled, many were injured, and 1 person had been killed outright (3 succumbed to their wounds in
- [Bonus Episode: A Talk with Scott Bury from the Beyond Barbarossa Podcast](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/bonus-episode-a-talk-with-scott-bury-from-the-beyond-barbarossa-podcast/) - Scott Bury is an author from Canada, and he's also the producer and host of the fantastic Beyond Barbarossa podcast. Scott, like me, is passionate about the Eastern Front of the Second World War, so I wanted to hear his insights on a range of topics including the professionalisation of the Red Army throughout the
- [Traces of War - Battle scars at Tempelhof Airport](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/traces-of-war-battle-scars-at-tempelhof-airport/) - During the battle of Berlin, Tempelhof Airport became the most important command hub and supply depot for the German forces operating in the south of the city. Therefore, the Soviets made the capture of the airport a key objective in their strike towards the centre of the city. However, there was *another* reason why Tempelhof
- [Remnants of War - Hermannplatz 1936/1945/2025](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-hermannplatz-1936-1945-2025/) - Welcome to Hermannplatz, in northern Neukölln, the scene of some of the bloodiest fighting during the battle of Berlin… Before the war, the large Karstadt department store towered proudly over the area. During the battle, however, the store found itself on the frontline during the battle, and as you can see in the photo from
- [Traces of War - Spang on Leibnizstraße](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/traces-of-war-spang-on-leibnizstrase/) - Well, would you look at that! The S-Bahn bridge on Leibnizstraße, in Charlottenburg, is surely one of the best examples of still-visible battle damage in Berlin. And why's that? Well, because of the bloody shell-hole in one of the supporting beams! Peter Graham, from @berlinbattledamage, reckons this is evidence of an armour-piercing tank shell from a
- [Walking the Ground - Kaiserbahnhof Halbe #2](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-kaiserbahnhof-halbe-2/) - The breakout from the Halbe Pocket begins The latest episode of Encircled: The Halbe Pocket Podcast, episode 1.10, covers the 28th of April 1945 - the fateful day when the German 9th Army launched their final breakout attempt through Halbe. The train crossing in Halbe saw some of the bloodiest fighting that day, as here
- [Walking the Ground - Kaiserbahnhof Halbe](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-kaiserbahnhof-halbe/) - This is the Kaiserbahnhof building and adjacent buildings, which today serve as Halbe's train station. On the 28th of April 1945, as the German 9th Army was attempting to break through the Soviet defences in Halbe, a small Kampfgruppe split off from the main breakout force and tried to slip through the Kaiserbahnhof complex, which
- [Remnants of War - Humboldthain Flak Tower](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-humboldthain-flak-tower/) - Behold the mighty Humboldthain Flak Tower! I seem to spend a lot of my days scouring the streets of Berlin looking for Spang, but at least when I walk through Humboldthain I have no trouble finding traces of the fighting - because I can always look up and see the incredible Humboldthain Flak Tower! When
- [Walking the Ground - Neuseddin Memorial](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-neuseddin-memorial/) - The detritus of war, still lying on the forest floor, 80 years on... Yesterday, we went for an epic 15km walk through the woods south of Potsdam (close to Ferch/Schwielowsee) in order to find this memorial to the 80,000 soldiers & civilians who died in the area during the final days of the war. In
- [Remnants of War - Tromsöer Straße](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-tromsoer-strase/) - It’s just a normal street in Berlin….right? Welcome to “Tromsöer Straße" in the Berlin district of Gesundbrunnen, which, up until the 11th of December 1940, used to go by the rather banal name of “Strasse 69c”. But why was the street name changed in late 1940? Well, the street was renamed to “Tromsöer Strasse” in
- [Europe at War meets WW2](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/europe-at-war-meets-ww2/) - Interview with the WW2 Podcast Well, I have some exciting news to share! Recently, I was interviewed by Angus Wallace from the fantastic WW2 Podcast, and the episode just dropped today! In the interview, Angus and I talk about the Halbe Pocket, and without being too corny, I am extremely proud to have been featured
- [Walking the Ground: VE Day in Berlin](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-ve-day-in-berlin/) - What an epic VE Day in Berlin! Yesterday, the Berlin IC walked all over the city, taking in all of the best sights most relevant for VE Day. We kicked off the day at the Karlshorst Museum (aka where Germany signed the unconditional surrender on the 8th of May 1945). - And the museum hands
- [Traces of War: Spang in Berlin-Pankow](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/traces-of-war-spang-in-berlin-pankow/) - This dramatic piece of Spang (aka battle damage) caught my eye as I was walking through Pankow (north-east Berlin) today! The "Historischer Friedhof Pankow" cemetery lies on the corner of Wilhelm-Kuhr-Straße and Kreuzstraße in Pankow, near the Bürgerpark public park. The cemetery has been closed since 1971, however a handful of graves remain, including this
- [Remnants of War - 107 more people buried in Halbe 80 years after the war](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-107-more-people-buried-in-halbe-80-years-after-the-war/) - Foto: Ralf Günther; "Hier werden 107 deutsche Soldaten bestattet." In Halbe, 80 years after the end of the war, the dead are still being found and buried... On Wednesday, in a moving ceremony overseen by the German War Graves Commission, a further 107 German soldiers who died during the fighting of the Halbe Pocket were
- [Europe At War meets Beyond Barbarossa](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/europe-at-war-meets-beyond-barbarossa/) - Hear me talk about the Halbe Pocket & the end of the war in Germany A few weeks ago I had the immense honour to be interviewed by Scott Bury from the excellent Beyond Barbarossa podcast! In our chat, we covered everything from the story of the Halbe Pocket, the drama of the breakout attempts
- [Bonus Episode: A Talk With Matthew Menneke From On The Front Tours](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/bonus-episode-a-talk-with-matthew-menneke-from-on-the-front-tours/) - Matthew Menneke is a military historian and former serviceman in the Australian Army. Matthew is also the founder of On The Front Tours, which is a tour guide company specialising solely in Second World War tours in and around Berlin. One of the tours Matthew runs is a tour of the Halbe Pocket, so naturally
- [Bonus Episode: A Talk with Peter Graham from Berlin Battle Damage](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/bonus-episode-a-talk-with-peter-graham-from-berlin-battle-damage/) - Peter Graham was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland, and he is an independent historian and researcher specialising in the history of Berlin during WW2. Peter is based in Ireland and Berlin. In 2018 Peter founded the popular Facebook page "Berlin Battle Damage" which currently has over 15,000 followers and focuses on the tangible remains of
- [Stolperstein Sunday - The Heymann Family](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/stolperstein-sunday-the-heymann-family/) - Haven't posted a Stolperstein photo in a while, but this set of stones caught my eye the other day because it's rare to find an example where an entire family managed to survive. I've tried in vain to find the details of the story, but there's not much online. What I can say is that
- [Remnants of War - The "first house taken by the Red Army in Berlin](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-the-first-house-taken-by-the-red-army-in-berlin/) - The "first" house taken by the Red Army during their assault on Berlin This house, known as the "Haus der Befreiung" (en: House of liberation), sits at Landsberger Allee 563 in Berlin on the north-eastern edge of the city in the district of Marzahn. Built in the latest 1890s for a local farmer, this house
- [Traces of War - Spang in Potsdam](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/traces-of-war-spang-in-potsdam/) - A lovely bit of Spang from Potsdam! Potsdam, just to the south-west of Berlin, saw a ton of fighting in the last days of the war, as the Red Army passed through the city in their drive to encircle Berlin. In the years after the reunification of Germany, most of the buildings in Potsdam were
- [Remnants of War - Zhukov's Bunker and Command Post in Reitwein](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-zhukovs-bunker-and-command-post-in-reitwein/) - 80 years ago today, the Red Army launched "Operation Berlin" - AKA, the final Soviet assault on Berlin. Last week, I visited the site where Zhukov's command bunker was located during the initial phase of the Operation, as the 1st Belorussian Front spent 4 days battling through entrenched German defensive lines along the Seelow Heights.
- [Traces of War - Spang in Berlin](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/traces-of-war-spang-in-berlin/) - There's nothing better than going on a hunt for Spang in Berlin! Had a cracking afternoon yesterday, checking out the still-visible Spang from the battle of Berlin. Crazy how much of it can still be found right in the center of the city almost 80 years to the day from when the damage was made!
- [Walking the Ground - VE Day Poster Berlin](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-ve-day-poster-berlin/) - Cheeky little VE Day 80th anniversary poster on the side of the Babylon Cinema here in the middle of Berlin.
- [Stolperstein Sunday - Dr. Carl Blumenthal, Margarete Blumenthal & Werner Blumenthal](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/stolperstein-sunday-dr-carl-blumenthal-margarete-blumenthal-werner-blumenthal/) - Curt Blumenthal was admitted to the bar in Berlin on 10 July 1911. During the First World War, he worked in the military justice administration of the army as an auxiliary military judge. After the war, he resumed his work as a lawyer and was also appointed notary on 23 July 1919. The President of
- [Walking the Ground - Bautzen Cemeteries](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-bautzen-cemeteries/) - Burying the victims of the Battle of Bautzen In recognition of the fierce fighting which took place in Bautzen numerous memorials were established after the war, commemorating both the Soviet and German victims of the fighting. Once the guns fell silent, many of the dead were simply buried in mass graves in order to prevent
- [Remnants of War - Gedenkort Güterbahnhof Moabit](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-gedenkort-guterbahnhof-moabit/) - Some of Berlin’s Second World War memorials are grandiose affairs located in the heart of the city, which are passed by thousands of Berliners and tourists alike on a daily basis. Other memorials, however, such as this one, are nestled in quieter corners of Berlin, out of sight and often overlooked by most passers-by. One
- [Walking the Ground - Tillet/Belgium](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/traces-of-war-tillet-belgium/) - In January 1945, the 761st Tank Battalion, also known as the "Black Panthers," engaged in brutal fighting to capture the town of Tillet during the Battle of the Bulge. The 761st, composed of African American soldiers, had experienced heavy casualties and lost many tanks in fighting along the German border in November 1944, and by
- [Walking the Ground - Halbe](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/traces-of-war-walking-the-ground-in-halbe/) - You'll never guess what you might find when walking the ground in Halbe! With the launch of my 'Encircled' podcast (telling the story of the German 9th Army's encirclement in the Halbe Pocket) I figured it was time to go back to the Halbe area and revisit some of the key locations which I talk
- [Walking the Ground - Märkisch Buchholz](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-markisch-buchholz/) - Whilst the town of Halbe became the focal point of the "Halbe Pocket", it actually contained dozens of small towns and villages - all of which saw brutal fighting in April & May 1945. One of those towns was Märkisch Bucholz. Positioned roughly 5 kilometres east of Halbe, it was a crucial location during the
- [Before and After - Halbe](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/before-and-after-halbe/) - A "Then & Now" from Halbe. This is the "Forsthaus Halbe" (Forest Warden's house of Halbe), and the Forsthaus was a key assembly point and staging area for the German 9th Army as they launched their armoured breakout through the town of Halbe. The Forsthaus was located on the outskirts of Halbe, only a few
- [Walking the Ground - Panzersperre Halbe](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-panzersperre-halbe/) - In order to stop the German breakout through Halbe (and kill or capture as many of the breakout force as possible), the Soviets placed multiple anti-tank barriers (Panzersperre) on the main roads leading in - and out - of the town. These barricades were crudely designed but highly effective. They consisted of two rows of
- [Walking the Ground - Kummersdorf Gut](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-kummersdorf-gut/) - In the name of history I did a little bit of "Walking the Ground" around 'Kummersdorf Gut' - a former Wehrmacht weapons testing site, located roughly halfway between Halbe and Beelitz, in Brandenburg. In the middle of the night between April 29th and April 30th 1945, the bloodied and battered German 9th Army breakout group
- [Walking the Ground - Schönefeld near Beelitz](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-schonefeld-near-beelitz/) - The location of the link-up between the German 9th and 12th armies. The small village of Schönefeld, 3km outside of Beelitz (roughly 24 kilometres south-west of Berlin). Here, on the 1st of May 1945, the shattered remnants of the German 9th Army linked-up with General Wenck's 12th Army, representing the (successful) conclusion to the former's
- [Remnants of War - Escape at Tangermünde](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-escape-at-tangermunde/) - The escape of the German 9th & 12th armies at Tangermünde. In today's new episode of the Halbe Pocket Podcast, episode 1.14, I cover the events after the link-up between the German 9th & 12th armies, and I take a special look at how between May 4th - May 7th 1945 the broken remnants of
- [Walking the Ground - Waldfriedhof Halbe/Halbe forest cemetery](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-waldfriedhof-halbe-halbe-forest-cemetery/) - Today sees the release of the final episode in my series "Encircled: The Halbe Pocket Podcast", so fittingly, it's also time to shine a light on the 'Waldfriedhof' in Halbe, which serves as the heart of the commemorative efforts regarding the battle of the Halbe Pocket. Here, in one of Germany's largest Second World War
- [Walking the Ground - Bautzen](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-bautzen/) - Busy day "Walking The Ground" (copyright Al & James) in Bautzen in Saxony! Cobbled streets, ye olde German pubs, and some blink-and-you'll-miss-it Spang! (And polyfiller filled-in Spang). But why? Well, some of you asked what my next project would be after my podcast series on the Halbe Pocket...and without giving the game away, here I
- [Walking the Ground - Seelow Heights](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-seelow-heights/) - Battle of the Seelow Heights! The memorial at the Seelow Heights is another fine example of bombastic Soviet let's-gloss-over-the-mistakes-we-made-in-the-battle propaganda, but it does give a great overview of the fighting. And it has the right mix of story, hardware, and commemoration. What you should do after seeing the memorial (and what we did) is to
- [New podcast series: Welcome to the Battle of Bautzen](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/new-podcast-series-welcome-to-the-battle-of-bautzen/) - Welcome to the Battle of Bautzen! The new series of the Europe At War podcast is live! For this series, we'll be taking a detailed look at one of the most intriguing battles of April 1945 - The Battle of Bautzen. Never heard of the battle but want to know more? Then check out the
- [Walking the Ground - near Halbe](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-near-halbe/) - Another fantastic day out 'walking the ground' near Halbe...and look what you can find when you go walking through the woods! The most amazing thing about the items we found was that most of them were just lying on the forest floor, dropped 80 years ago by the German 9th Army and German refugees as
- [Traces of War - Bautzen](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/traces-of-war-bautzen/) - The latest episode of the Europe At War Podcast, episode 2.4, looks at the intense street battles which raged throughout Bautzen as the Soviets assaulted the city in April 1945. Last month I went hunting through Bautzen for signs of the fighting, and whilst the city has gone through several makeovers since the war, I
- [Walking the Ground - Bautzen](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-bautzen-2/) - Blowing Bautzen's bridges... At 19:15 on the 20th of April, 1945, Oberst Dietrich Hoepke (commander of the Bautzen garrison) ordered all 17 of Bautzen's bridges to be blown, in order to frustrate the Soviet advance into the city centre. The most iconic bridge to be destroyed was the Kronprinzenbrücke, which ran from the base of
- [Walking the Ground - Bautzen's Ortenburg Castle](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-bautzens-ortenburg-castle/) - The last stand of the Bautzen garrison In April 1945, the Ortenburg Castle, which sits atop a rocky outcrop in the centre of Bautzen, overlooking the river Spree, was the headquarters for the city garrison during the battle of Bautzen. From this castle, Oberst Dietrich Hoepke, commander of the garrison, led a ragtag group of
- [Walking the Ground - Bautzen's Courthouse](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/walking-the-ground-bautzens-courthouse/) - A last stand by the Red Army in Bautzen's courthouse. On the 24th of April, the tide turned in the Battle of Bautzen when the German 20th Panzer Division and 1st Hermann Göring Division attacked the Soviet forces who were besieging Bautzen. Within hours, the Soviet commanders ordered their forces to make a hasty retreat
- [Walking the Ground - Foy](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/traces-of-war-walking-the-ground-in-foy/) - Walking the ground in Foy! Today was all about checking out the key locations involved in Easy Company's attack on Foy on the 13th of January 1945. I spent all last night watching various YouTube videos to understand the exact spots the following events took place, but if I'm wrong, then please let me know
- [Traces of War - Pironpré/Belgium](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/traces-of-war-pironpre-belgium/) - ON THIS DAY: Starting on the 30th of December, 1944, a 10-day battle raged between the German Panzer-Lehr division and the US 87th Infantry Division for control of the Pironpré crossroads. The crossroads were in a strategic location, roughly 20km west of Bastogne, along the road from Morhet to Saint-Hubert, and such was the intensity
- [Remnants of War - Nuts Weekend in Bastogne](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-nuts-weekend-in-bastogne/) - This is the 'holiday slideshow' of my experience of Nuts Weekend in Bastogne, and I've deliberately picked a diverse mix of images because I have lots of conflicting thoughts. Bastogne celebrates - with bells on - the sacrifice made by the Allied soldiers of the Second World War, and you'd be hard-pressed to find a
- [Remnants of the War - Nuts Weekend & the Battle of the Bulge #2](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-the-war-nuts-weekend-the-battle-of-the-bulge-2/) - Today marks the 80th anniversary of the start of the Battle of the Bulge, and whilst I could easily post photos of the various tank memorials I saw around Bastogne today, I'd rather shine a light on the men & women caught up in the fighting instead. So today, we visited the Bastogne War Rooms
- [Remnants of War - Nuts Weekend & the Battle of the Bulge](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-nuts-weekend-the-battle-of-the-bulge/) - Well, this is a hard one to put into words... We visited the Bois Jacques woods today, where Easy Company fought in their foxholes during the encirclement of Bastogne. It was a humbling experience, and the fact that everything has been so well-preserved is just utterly fantastic. We were expecting to just 'walk the ground',
- [Remnants of War - Balham Tube Station](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-balham-tube-station/) - I'm listening to the execllent WHW Blitz series (you can find the first episode of that below), and Balham was mentioned, which reminded me that I took this photo at Balham tube station when we were staying with friends in the area over the summer. The friends we stayed with even showed us a crack
- [Remnants of War - Remembrance Sunday](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-remembrance-sunday/) - A lovely and fantastically-attended Remembrance Day service at the British war cemetery in Stahnsdorf, just outside of Berlin. Lest We Forget. (This is a repost from Instagram from November 10th, 2024)
- [Remnants of War - The 9th of November](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-the-9th-of-november/) - The 9th of November is a day full of history for Germans... On the 9th of November 1918, the Weimar Republic was proclaimed after the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II following the end of the First World War. The 9th of November 1989 saw the fall of the Berlin wall. And the 9th of November
- [Remnants of War - German WW2 Board Game & Hagen's Air Raid Bunker](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-german-ww2-board-game-hagens-air-raid-bunker/) - Fancy a Second World War German board game night? On a recent tour of the WW2 bunker in Hagen, I got to see an exhibition showcasing how the Nazis used board games to instil their militaristic ideology into children. Popular board games such as "Bomber über England" and "Wir fahren gegen England" were not-so-subtle tools
- [Remnants of War - German Resistence Memorial Centre #2](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-german-resistence-memorial-centre-2/) - Yesterday, the intrepid duo of the Berlin WHW IC visited the German Resistance Museum in the Bendlerblock building on Stauffenbergstrassse. The street name is a pretty big clue as to the significance of this building, but for those who don't know, it was from here that Stauffenberg and his fellow conspirators attempted to overthrow the
- [Remnants of War - Commonwealth War Cemetery Berlin](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-commonwealth-war-cemetery-berlin/) - There are two Commonwealth War Graves cemeteries in Berlin, one focusing on British and Commonwealth casualties from the First World War, and this one, at Heerstrasse in West Berlin, which focuses on the Second World War. The site at Heerstrasse was chosen by the British occupation authorities shortly after the war’s end in 1945, and
- [Remnants of Berlin - Hidden in Plain Sight #2](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-berlin-hidden-in-plain-sight-2/) - Welcome to Rathaus Lichtenberg, the site of Berlin's most recent incident of "Oh sh*t. How do we deal with the past?" Last month, a couple were getting married at the Lichtenberg town hall when they looked up and spotted a suspiciously looking Swastika-esque pattern above the front door. "It can't be what I think it
- [Remnants of War - Schwerbelastungskörper Berlin](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-schwerbelastungskorper-berlin/) - In the heart of Berlin Tempelhof, you can find a huge 12 THOUSAND ton concrete building called the "Schwerbelastungskörper" (heavy load-bearing body). The Schwerbelastungskörper was constructed by French prisoners of war in 1941, and it was built in order to test the suitability of the area's marshy ground for the future construction of a Triumphal
- [Remnants of War - Arnhem #2](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-arnhem-2/) - Today, the annual remembrance service honouring the men who died during the Battle of Arnhem will take place at the Oosterbeek cemetary. A few years ago, my wife and I went to the cemetery after visiting the Airborne museum at the Hartenstein Hotel. And perhaps it’s a weird thing to say, but the Oosterbeek cemetery
- [Remnants of War - Arnhem](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-arnhem/) - Everybody’s Instagram timelines are going to be chock-full of Arnhem-related posts this week, but I hope you’ve got a moment to read through my post as well :) Today marks the 80th anniversary of the ill-fated Battle of Arnhem, in which the airborne forces of the British 1st Airborne Division (subsequently followed up by the
- [Remnants of War - Museum Berlin Karlshorst](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-museum-berlin-karlshorst/) - How do you commemorate the 85th anniversary of the start of the Second World War? - By visiting the place where the war (in Europe) ended, of course! Yesterday, the Berlin IC took our first field trip, and we visited the Museum Berlin Karlshorst (formerly called the German-Russian Museum) in Berlin, where on the 8th
- [Remnants of War - The Führerbunker](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-the-fuhrerbunker/) - "What's so special about this boring car park in the middle of Berlin?" I hear you say... Well, this inconspicuous car park is where the Führerbunker was located, of course. And yes it is VERY tempting to bask in the Schadenfreude of seeing Hitler's resting place being paved over by a car park (don't forget
- [Remnants of War - Hidden in Plain Sight](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-hidden-in-plain-sight/) - "That's a covered-up Swastika isn't it?" I thought to myself. After a quick check on Google...yup, indeed it is. The Charlottenburg Finanzamt (Tax Office) was built between 1936-1939, and given it was constructed during peak 'evil Nazi bastard years,' it's no surprise that the front door was adorned with a Reichsadler and Swastika. But what
- [Remnants of War - Kindertransport Memorial Berlin](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-kindertransport-memorial-berlin/) - Berlin is dotted with memorials and plaques, but this memorial at Bahnhof Friedchstraße is one of the most poignant, as it highlights the pivotal role which trains played in determining the fate of Berlin's Jews. In 1938, following the horrors of Kristallnacht, the British government organised a programme called "Kindertransport" to grant asylum to thousands
- [Remnants of War - Fort Eben-Emael](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-fort-eben-emael/) - Quick pit stop visit to Fort Eben-Emael whilst driving back to Berlin... On May 10th & 11th 1940, this Fort was attacked by an assault force of German Fallschirmjäger as part of "Fall Gelb" - the German invasion of Belgium, the Netherlands, and France. The Fort is situated close to the Belgian-Dutch border and it
- [Remnants of War - Dartmoor Memorial](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-dartmoor-memorial/) - A touching memorial in a quiet corner of Dartmoor. On the 22nd of March 1941, a Hamden bomber belonging to 49 squadron was returning to RAF Scrampton from operations in France when, during poor visibility, the plane crashed into Hameldown Tor on Dartmoor. All 4 crew perished in the crash, and the initials of the
- [Remnants of War - Slapton Sands & Exercise Tiger](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-slapton-sands-exercise-tiger/) - Slapton Sands, Devon. Site of the infamous Exercise Tiger. In April 1944, large-scale rehearsals for D-Day took place on Slaptop Sands - the beach was chosen for Excercise Tiger because it closely resembled Utah Beach. During these rehearsals, at least 749 American soldiers and seamen would lose their lives. The main loss of life came
- [Remnants of War - Parachute & Airborne Memorial Paignton](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-parachute-airborne-memorial-paignton/) - More proof that in the UK you can find echoes of the Second World War everywhere you go. I was walking along Paignton seafront yesterday when suddenly up pops a touching tribute to the Parachute Regiment and Airborne forces. Look at that fantastic floral display! Presented in honour of some proper heroes. (This is a
- [Remnants of War - Brixham's Battery](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-brixhams-battery/) - In my hometown of Brixham in South Devon, you can find perhaps the country's best preserved Second World War coastal and defence battery, simply called "The Battery". The Battery was hastily built between June-September in 1940 to protect Torbay from the expected German invasion, and it was manned by the Royal Artillery and members of
- [Traces of War - Battle Damage in Brixham, Devon](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/traces-of-war-battle-damage-in-brixham-devon/) - This is my great-grandmother's house in Brixham, which nearly suffered a direct hit from a Luftwaffe bomb during the blitz. Whilst the bomb did "only" land in the bottom of the garden, the shock wave was strong enough to leave several big cracks in the side of the house (now painted over but still just-about
- [Remnants of War - My hometown & Operation 'Overlord'](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-my-hometown-operation-overlord/) - You can always find traces of the Second World War if you know where to look... In my hometown of Brixham in Devon, a slipway was constructed for the embarkation of troops and equipment of the 4th Infantry Division of VII Corps, leaving to take part in the D-Day Normandy landings. - Of course, when
- [Remnants of War - German Resistance Memorial Centre](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-german-resistance-memorial-centre/) - Today marks the 80th anniversary of the Stauffenberg plot to kill Hitler. Fittingly, yesterday, I had the pleasure of attending a fascinating talk on the plot, and in memory of the occasion, I'm sharing a few photos from the German resistance memorial centre in Berlin where Stauffenberg and other co-conspirators met their tragic end. Find
- [Remnants of War - Battle of Britain Memorial](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-battle-of-britain-memorial/) - Warming up to this year's We Have Ways festival with a quick trip to the Battle of Britain memorial in Capel-le-ferne near Dover. Very moving memorial with a lovely replica of a Hawker Hurricane Mk 1 to boot. For more info on We Have Ways Fest 2025 check out their website: We Have Ways Fest
- [Remnants of War - My Grandad and the 9th Gurka Rifles](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-my-grandad-and-the-9th-gurka-rifles/) - This one's for you, Grandad. My Grandad served in the 9th Gurkha Rifles during the Second World War, where, amongst other things, he took part in the 2nd Chindit operation in Burma. After the war, he and his regiment spent two years policing in Malaya before eventually being transferred back to India to oversee partition.
- [Remnants of War - Hochbunker Pallasstraße](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-hochbunker-pallasstrase/) - The Hochbunker on Pallasstraße in Berlin is a 4-storey high bunker, which was built by Soviet prisoners of war and forced labourers between 1943-1945. The bunker is located opposite the grounds of the former Sport Palast, and the bunker was intended to provide refuge to party dignitaries if an air raid took place during a
- [Remnants of War - Upottery Airfield](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-upottery-airfield/) - To coincide with the 80th anniversary of D-Day, here are some photos I took last year of the former RAF Upottery airfield. (The 101st Airborne - featuring Easy Company - flew from here as part of the Allied invasion of Normandy). I must have rewatched Band of Brothers a dozen times throughout my life, but
- [Traces of War - Berlin Battle Damage Tour](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/traces-of-war-berlin-battle-damage-tour/) - Berlin battle damage! This afternoon, the Berlin IC walked around Schöneberg in Berlin, looking at some of the remaining evidence from the Battle of Berlin. Bullet holes and shrapnel damage can still be seen on Rathaus Schöneberg and Bülowstraße Ubahn station. And the facade on a house on Sigismundstraße has also been left untouched since
- [Remnants of War - Potsdam's Soviet Cemetery](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-potsdams-soviet-cemetery/) - The 8th of May is celebrated as "VE Day" in Western Europe, but for the Russians, the 9th of May is celebrated as "Victory Day". - It's on this day that modern Russia (and Russians who live abroad) celebrate/commemorate the victory over Nazism. Today, we visited Potsdam, so we took the chance to visit the
- [Stolperstein Sunday - Fritz Tobias](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/stolperstein-sunday-fritz-tobias/) - Berlin is covered in “Stolpersteine” (‘stumbling stones’) - small stones in front of houses where victims of the holocaust once lived. These stones are modest in detail, but pack an emotional punch. This Stolperstein, which Google Maps says lies only 260m from my front door, tells the story of Fritz Abraham Tobias. Fritz was born
- [Before and after - Reichstag Berlin](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/before-and-after-reichstag-berlin/) - I took part in a Battle of Berlin walking tour last Sunday and found the spot where the Soviets raised their flag over the Reichstag at the culmination of the battle. Towards the final stages of the Battle of Berlin the Soviets were desperate to plant the Soviet flag onto the Reichstag building, as they
- [Stolperstein Sunday - Martin and Sonja Fleischmann](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/stolperstein-sunday-martin-and-sonja-fleischmann/) - An emotional double-whammy for our second Stolperstein Sunday... The story of Martin & Sonja Fleischmann, a father and daughter living on Stockholmer Straße in Wedding, really rams home the tragedy of Jewish life in Nazi Berlin. Sonja Fleischmann lived with her parents in a flat at Stockholmer Straße 29. Her father Martin was Jewish and
- [Stolperstein Sunday - Alexander Nisselowitsch](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/stolperstein-sunday-alexander-nisselowitsch/) - A happier Stolperstein Sunday entry this week! Alexander Nisselowitsch was born in Minsk in 1899 but moved with his mother to Berlin in 1916 to stay with his grandparents as Belarus was on the front lines of the Eastern Front during the First World War. Alexander wasn’t able to secure German citizenship, and he became
- [Stolperstein Sunday - Richard & Alfred Tworoger](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/stolperstein-sunday-richard-alfred-tworoger/) - Father & Son Stolpersteine stories.Usually Stolpersteine give only the basic facts about a victim; such as their name, year of birth, and sadly, more often than not, the year and place of their death. But sometimes Stolpersteine will give more explicit details about a person’s fate.Alfred Tworoger was only 22 years old when he was
- [Remnants of War - Dunkirk](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/remnants-of-war-dunkirk/) - The 27th of May 1940 was the first full day of Operation Dynamo, aka the 'Dunkirk evacuation'. This first day was not a success, with only 7,699 soldiers being evacuated from the harbour and ZERO soldiers evacuated from the beaches. The 27th of May thus represented the nadir of the war for the British. The
- [Stolperstein Sunday - Martin Cohn](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/stolperstein-sunday-martin-cohn/) - A regime’s revenge metered out upon the innocent. On the 18th of May 1942, a Berlin Jewish-Communist resistance group carried out an arson attack against a Nazi propaganda exhibition called “The Soviet Paradise” located in the Lustgarten area of Museum Island. The exhibition displayed all of the typical Nazi tropes about Judeo-Communism, and it tried
- [Traces of War - Moltkebrücke Berlin](https://davidsumnerhistory.com/traces-of-war-moltkebrucke-berlin/) - Moltkebrücke, an unassuming bridge located just a stone’s throw from Berlin’s Hauptbahnhof, played a key role in the final days of the Battle of Berlin. The bridge is located only 600 metres from the Reichstag and, therefore, represented a key objective for the Red Army. By capturing the bridge, and establishing a foothold in the

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